How to Cook Brown Rice on the Stove (Ratio, Time & Tips)
To cook brown rice on the stove, use 1 cup of rice to 2 cups of water, bring it to a boil, cover and simmer on the lowest heat for 40 to 45 minutes, then rest it off the heat for 10 minutes. One cup of dry brown rice makes about 3 cups cooked. These amounts work for long-grain and medium-grain brown rice. Short-grain and some brands need a bit more water, up to 2¼ cups.
Ingredients and Equipment
- 1 cup long-grain brown rice
- 2 cups water (plus more if needed)
- ½ teaspoon salt (optional) and 1 teaspoon butter or oil (optional)
- A medium saucepan with a tight-fitting lid
Step-by-Step Method
- Rinse the rice. Put it in a fine strainer under cold water for 30 seconds. This removes loose starch and dust.
- Combine rice, water and salt in the saucepan.
- Bring to a boil over high heat, then stir once.
- Cover and reduce to the lowest heat. The water should barely bubble. A tight lid keeps the steam in.
- Simmer 40 to 45 minutes. Do not lift the lid. Every peek lets out the steam the rice needs.
- Take it off the heat and rest for 10 minutes with the lid on. This finishes the cooking and lets moisture spread evenly.
- Fluff with a fork and serve.
Brown Rice Cooking Times by Type
| Type | Rice : water | Simmer time |
|---|---|---|
| Long-grain brown | 1 : 2 | 40–45 min |
| Medium-grain brown | 1 : 2 | 40–45 min |
| Short-grain brown | 1 : 2¼ | 45–50 min |
| Brown basmati | 1 : 2 | 35–40 min |
| Brown jasmine | 1 : 2 | 40–45 min |
Brands differ, so check the package. Prefer a hands-off method? A rice cooker does the timing for you. See how to cook brown rice in a rice cooker.
Why Brown Rice Takes Longer Than White
Brown rice still has its bran layer, which water has to soak through. That is why it takes about twice as long as white rice and needs more water. The bran also gives it more fiber and a chewy, nutty texture.
Troubleshooting
- Gummy or sticky: too much water or too much stirring. Rinse well and avoid stirring during the simmer.
- Hard in the middle: add ¼ cup hot water, cover and cook 5 to 10 more minutes.
- Burnt on the bottom: the heat was too high or the pot too thin. Use the lowest burner setting and a heavy-bottomed pot.
- Watery: remove the lid and cook on low for a few minutes, then rest.
Storing Leftovers
Cool brown rice quickly and refrigerate within an hour. It keeps 3 to 4 days. See how long cooked rice lasts in the fridge for the full safety rules.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do I have to rinse brown rice?
Not required, but a quick rinse removes surface starch and any dust for cleaner-tasting rice.
Should I soak brown rice first?
Soaking for 30 minutes to a few hours can cut the cooking time by 5 to 10 minutes and make the texture softer, but it is optional.
How much water for 2 cups of brown rice?
About 4 cups of water, or 4½ cups if you like it softer. Simmer for the same 40 to 45 minutes.
Can I cook brown rice like pasta?
Yes. Boil it in a large pot of water for 30 minutes, drain, then let it steam covered for 10 minutes. It is forgiving, but some nutrients go down the drain.
Why is my brown rice still crunchy?
It needs more water or more time. Add a little hot water, cover, and cook a few more minutes.
Sources
Ratios and times are standard ranges from USA Rice and brand package directions. Package instructions for your specific rice take priority.
Last reviewed: November 2026